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Hanan Dery Honored as a Scientific American Top 50 Technical Leader of 2007
The Board of Editors of Scientific American has cited Assistant Professor Hanan Dery as one of its top 50 technical leaders of 2007. Dery is being honored specifically as a research leader for developing the spintronics logic gate.
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Ballistic Electronics: Low-Power Room-Temperature Nanoscale Terahertz Transistors
(Senior Scientist and Research Professor Marc J. Feldman, Electrical and Computer Engineering)
June 15, 2007: For the past few years, ECE Professor Marc J. Feldman has been designing low-power Terahertz transistors using two-dimensional electron gases (2DEG) inside structures that are smaller than 100 nanometers in size. The room-temperature devices are known as ballistic deflection transistors (BDTs) because they bounce electrons off nano-deflectors to create digital output.
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Quantum Cryptography: Unbreakable Code under the Laws of Physics
(Professor Roman Sobolewski, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Physics, and Materials Science; Senior Scientist, Laboratory of Laser Energetics)
May 3, 2007: In the January-February 2007 issue of the Journal of Modern Optics, Professor Roman Sobolewski and his team at the University of Rochester, working with Moscow, Zurich/Delft, and Warsaw groups, announced a new receiver for superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) that is especially useful for applications such as quantum cryptography and quantum communications. An SSPD is a nanostructured superconducting structure known for ultrafast, efficient detection of visible-to-infrared photons. In Professor Sobolewski's quantum cryptography system, photons with two separate polarizations (such as vertical and horizontal) can be simultaneously counted using two parallel channels. The receiver, designed for telecommunications wavelengths, is based on two fiber-coupled Niobium Nitrate (NbN) SSPDs operating at 4.2 Kelvin inside a liquid helium container. NbN is a metallic compound that operates as a superconductor when immersed in liquid helium at near absolute zero. Both the optical and electrical connections are outside the container at room temperature. Because the system operating time between helium refills is approximately two months, from a user's standpoint, the whole receiver is regarded as a "room-temperature-like" apparatus.
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Adjustable Ultrathin Nano-Filter Separates Biological Molecules
(Christopher C. Striemer, Research Associate, Electrical & Computer Engineering;
Thomas R. Gaborski, PhD Candidate, Biomedical Engineering; Assistant Professor James L. McGrath, Biomedical Engineering;
and Distinguished Professor Philippe M. Fauchet, Electrical & Computer Engineering)
February 15, 2007: Researchers at the University of Rochester have created an ultrathin porous nanocrystalline silicon membrane that filters biological molecules. The new filter, reported in the February 15, 2007 issue of Nature, is so thin and efficient that it enables scientists to separate and retain "collections" of two sizes of molecules. The pores can be adjusted to separate molecules of most any size, to separate similarly sized molecules carrying different charges, and to transport small molecules through the membrane much faster than current methods. Possible applications of the nano-filters include renal dialysis, whereby a device can remove toxins that failing kidneys no longer cleanse from the blood; precision air filters; membrane-based chromatography systems; and microfluidic systems requiring highly efficient separations.
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